Patterns

The Rhetorical Triangle  **LOGOS (idea, message)**  **PATHOS (force, emotion)**  **ETHOS (form, manner) **



 Every communication is essentially a trilateral relationship. Each point of the triangle influences the others, and all are influenced by the //context// of the communication. Each point of the triangle bears some responsibility for the success of the communication, and each point of the triangle corresponds with one of Aristotle's three appeals (i.e., general means of persuasion).
 * = **Rational Appeals (logos)** ||= **Emotional Appeals (pathos)** ||= **Ethos Appeals** ||
 * = appeal to logical reasoning ability of readers

higher emotions
 * facts
 * case studies
 * statistics
 * experiments
 * logical reasoning
 * analogies
 * anecdotes
 * authority voices ||= appeal to beliefs and feelings

lower emotions Think of how one speaks to an opponent: For example on the floor of the Senate in hearted debate the speaker would refer to "My honorable opponent." This is why one refers to the "manner of delivery." || When you read a text, start asking three questions:
 * belief in fairness
 * love
 * pity
 * etc.
 * greed
 * lust
 * revenge
 * avarious
 * etc. ||= sense you (author) gives as being compentent/fair/authority
 * trustworthiness
 * credibility
 * reliablity
 * expert testimony
 * reliable sources
 * fairness


 * Who is the author of the text?
 * Who is the intended audience for the text?
 * What is the purpose of the text?

An Author: When you read a text, try to find out as much about the author as you possibly can: When you write your own papers, you will need to convince your reader about your own trustworthiness and credibility the same way that you need to satisfy your own curiosity about the author of a text you read.
 * Who is the author?
 * What do you know about the author?
 * Is he/she trustworthy? Why?
 * What else has he/she written on the subject?

An Audience: There are many different types of audiences.When you read a text, it is important to know who the intended audience is. When you write a text, it is integral to know who your readers are.Identify the audience based on the following questions:
 * Who is my audience? What do they mean to me?
 * What is their interest in the subject?
 * What do they know about the subject?.
 * How do they feel about the subject?
 * How does the writer expect them to respond to their topic?

A Purpose: When writing, address your audience for a specific purpose and develop the necessary strategies to get what you want.When reading, identify what a writer wants from you.Writers can have numerous purposes which change from situation to situation and audience to audience. Ask yourself these questions:


 * Does the writer propose something?
 * Does the writer convey specific information?
 * Does the writer convince you of something?
 * Does the writer try to sell something?

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Brandon's Clown OR



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